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Putting it all Together |
So this is where it gets tricky, I'll type slowly so you can
follow. You may need to re-read this next bit a few times so don't be
discouraged if you don't get it first time. I had to write it a few
times too. If you prefer to learn by example, like me, then press
through this section. Read it but don't get discouraged if you find
it tough. Take lots of photos and even if they turn out horrible,
post them in the forums.
Mistakes are valuable lessons!
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Tip:
Post your photos and questions in the forums.
Everyone using the M setting on their camera has battled to
understand this. No question is too basic and no photo too screwed
up! We have all been where you are now.
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ISO
ISO changes the
sensitivity of the sensor to light. Allowing you to increase or
decrease the possible settings. Increasing ISO will increase the
likelihood of electronic 'noise' in your pictures. ISO noise is a
grainy look to your photos and is a phenomenon of both film and
digital. Use the lowest ISO whenever possible, if you have difficulty
getting the shutter/aperture settings you want you can increase or
decrease the ISO, just remember above ISO 400 will start to produce
noticeable noise.
ISO is represented
using numbers that double each time to represent the sensitivity to
light doubling with each increase.
25, 50, 100, 200, 400, 800, 1600
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Tip: The effect of noise can be
reduced in post processing. Have a look in the tutorials section to learn more.
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Have a look at how to
change your ISO in your camera manual or online. Post what you find
out online at www.GoingManual.com.
Set it to ISO 200, a good general setting that should deal with most
situations with no noticeable noise.
Aperture and Shutter Speed Relationship
You've played with
aperture and shutter speed and hopefully seen there is a
relationship between the two. Understanding this
relationship is the real essence of going manual. Aperture and
shutter speed can both be changed so to predict how they will
interact, we need to have a way
of measuring both.
Aperture width is
represented using fractions. I hated fractions at school but they're
a necessary evil in photography. A completely open aperture would be
represented as f/1, or a whole number (1/1=1) to represent wholly
open. You've probably heard the term 'f' numbers. The f is simply the
1 above the fraction. While your camera may have many f settings
these are the ones you need to learn.
f/1, f/1.4, f/2, f/2.8, f/4, f/5.6, f/8, f/11, f/16, f/22, f/32
Look at them more
closely, do you see a pattern?
f/1,
f/1.4,
f/2,
f/2.8,
f/4,
f/5.6,
f/8,
f/11,
f/16,
f/22,
f/32
Just like
ISO there is a pattern to the numbers. Learn the first 2 numbers then
you see the sequence doubles from those two.
Shutter speed is
measured in seconds or fractions of a second.
4, 2, 1, 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1/30. 1/60, 1/125, 1/250, 1,500, 1/1000 etc.
Any number of seconds
can be used but these numbers again, are in a sequence, halving (or
doubling) each increment . Well almost, the numbers are rounded at
1/30 (should be 1/32) and 1/125 (should be 1/128) which makes the
math a little easier.
It's
worth nothing the relationship between aperture and focal length. In
one lens an f/8 maybe be larger or smaller than another of a
different focal length. Watch to see hos the DOF is affected even
with your different lenses even at the same aperture.
Sorry about the next
bit, it's even more mathematical.
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